Evangelicals Dialogue Over Hell & Conditional Immortality

Following a previous post I have discovered Evangelicals in dialogue over Conditional Immortality: This is their website with forum – ‘Rethinking Hell: Exploring Evangelical Conditionalism‘. Evangelicals have a ‘Re-Thinking Hell’ Conference July 11-12 2014 Houston.

The main Guest speaker is Edward Fudge: “Fudge was fired from his publishing job when he refused to recant his views on hell, but has found opportunities to minister in Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian, Pentecostal, Adventist, Episcopal and nondenominational churches as well as in Independent Christian Churches and numerous varieties of Churches of Christ. He is a near forty-year member and former regional officer of the Evangelical Theological Society.”

Allied to ‘Rethinking Hell’ is a Conditionalist sympathiser with his own collection of Conditionalist Resources.  Also associated with ‘Rethinking Hell’ is the ‘Important Forgotten History: The Roots of Opposition to Conditionalism’ 

Says James Kenneth Brandyberry, “Innate immortality and acquired immortality have been engaged in a protracted struggle for dominance throughout most of the Christian centuries. At virtually no time has this been so true as it is in the present hour.”

Tracing the immortal soul doctrine from its beginnings down to John Calvin, the author says, “For personal and historical reasons, then, Luther and Tyndale’s influence was not determinative. Expressly, Calvin more than any one man “put the Protestant stamp of approval on the traditional understanding of souls and hell.””

But, Brandyberry concludes, “Conditionalism’s hermeneutical strength and historical support are rapidly being perceived and this trend is nowhere near cresting. The day of small things has become much bigger.

“Is a theological reformation at hand? Will the names of such worthies as Froom and Fudge someday be heralded as 20th-century reformers by a future evangelical consensus? We must wait and see. But, to be sure, “Nothing is more powerful than an idea whose time has come.””

Dr. James Kenneth Brandyberry provides a link on his website to a Conditionalist article by Steven M Jones

Church Fathers Who Were Conditionalists – Video

Hopefully, in all the discussion what must be kept in view is that salvation and eternal life comes to us free through Jesus Christ (John 3:16). As He has been gracious to us we can afford to be gracious in dialogue in discovering what God has to say to us through His Word as we wait for the day for what the Bible calls “the blessed hope – the glorious appearing of our great God and Saviour, Jesus Christ” (Titus 2:13). Joining the Apostle Paul in this longing for Christ’s Second Coming is what it means to be an Adventist! (2 Timothy 4;7-8).

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More Views On Hell And Conditional Immortality

What is Conditionalism? For the uninitiated on terms that are used by theologians in their discussions on what happens when we die these links here and here and here might be helpful. Annhilationism is an associated term that says that at the end of the age the ‘wicked’ and those who have rejected God will face their Creator in the judgment will be annihilated: they will not face the traditional view of an eternal burning hell. Wikipedia has an article on Annihilationism

A dedicated conditionalist website, AfterLifeClarifies Evangelical Conditionalism

Following my previous post I have discovered some articles and books on ‘Hell, and Conditional Immortality’ online.

I have quoted from Essentials by John Stott and David Edwards in a previous post but discovered a much fuller account from Essentials titled: Judgment and Hell 

Clark Pinnock’s  authored ‘The Destruction Of The Finally Impenitent

The whole book online, “Immortality of the Soul or Resurrection from the Dead” is by Oscar Cullman

An Evangelical/Jewish presentation of ‘A Biblical Defence Of Conditional Immortality‘. Click on tabs on the top bar or the tabs at the bottom of the facing page of the website to get the contents folder of the whole book. Access to articles and books online is available on the left bar by VARIOUS AUTHORS.

A Review Of ‘The Conditionalist Faith of Our Fathers’ by Edwin Leroy Froom is on Amazon

An Apologetics Forum seeks more information on the out of print book. They could find Excerpts from Froom’s ‘The Conditionalist Faith of our Fathers’ titled, ‘Theologian Paul on Life, Death, and Immortality

I haven’t tried it but here is ‘How to Legally Obtain a Free Digital Download of ‘The Conditionalist Faith of Our Fathers’

Dr Martyn Lloyd-Jones said of Froom’s work, “This magnificent Conditionalist Faith volume is characterized by your customary careful scholarship.” 

Posted in Apologetics, Articles, Books & Book Reviews, Conditional Immortality, Gospel, Nature of Man, Punishment, Suffering, The Resurrection, Views On Hell | 2 Comments

The N. T. On Faith And Works by Dr. Ben Witherington

“Yes, the Bible is clear enough that salvation is not a human self-help program. Yes, it makes clear that apart from God’s grace no one can be saved. Yes, it stresses that we are converted by grace through faith, and that God’s grace is necessary at all times and at all points in the process of salvation. What the NT does NOT say, is that human behavior has nothing to do with it. Indeed, I would stress that active believing is itself a form of behavior. Indeed it also says that we must work out our salvation with fear and trembling as God works in our midst to will and to do. Last I checked, ‘working out’ involves human behavior. Oh yes, another bulletin from the NT— faith without works is dead.

Put succinctly, while conversion is by grace through faith, sanctification involves both God’s work and our working out our salvation. Sanctification involves human behavior, behavior freely chosen and participated in by us. And if we as Christians freely choose to abuse our freedom (compare Gal. 5.1), which is certainly possible, then we stand in danger of committing: 1) moral apostasy, or 2) intellectual apostasy, or 3) both, and finding ourselves not participating in everlasting life, the final coming of the Kingdom the positive resurrection etc. As many texts, such as Heb.6 warn repeatedly, apostasy, however unlikely for a Christian, is nonetheless possible, and so must be warned against” says Dr. Ben Witherington.

 

Posted in Calvinism V Wesleyanism, Election, Faith & Obedience, Faith & Works, Justification & Sanctification, Salvation, Saved by Faith, Saved By Grace, The New Birth | Comments Off on The N. T. On Faith And Works by Dr. Ben Witherington

Eric Raymond On ‘The Offence Of The Gospel’

“Sometimes we forget that as we talk about Jesus and what he has done that it is actually a referendum on our performance as humans. Jesus did not come saying, “Hey, great job everyone. I’m here to lead a movement of good people who have excelled in their calling as humans.” Far from it. Instead we read of Jesus saying, “I did not come to call the righteous but sinners to repentance” (Lk. 5:32) says Eric Raymond

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Christian Leaders Air Views On Hell And Conditional Immortality

Although in a minority there are and have been prominent Christian leaders who would share the views I have expressed in my previous post on hell, heaven and the Second Advent of Jesus.  These come from my personal library:

Essentials, by David L. Edwards and John Stott (Hodder and Stoughton 1988). John Stott reaching out in Essentials to fellow Evangelicals says,

“I do not dogmatise about the position to which I have come. I hold it tentatively. But I do plead for frank dialogue among Evangelicals on the basis of Scripture. I also believe that the ultimate annihilation of the wicked should at least be acceptable as a legitimate, biblically founded alternative to their eternal conscious torment” (p 320).

I Believe in Man, by George Carey (Hodder and Stoughton, 1977).

“The pitfall for the unwary is to assume that man has a soul, as if he has an independent element within him. This idea is foreign not only to the Old Testament but to the Bible as a whole” p.27.(See also p.29).

“This idea of the resurrection is at complete variance with the ancient Greek concept of the immortality of the soul.” “A body-less soul is, therefore, alien to the Christian faith which insists on some continuity of the person before and after death.” “It is a false trail to look within the body for an immortal `soul,’ ‘mind,’ or residual self which somehow survives the destruction of the flesh….The Bible, however, stresses that eternal life is God’s gift to the Christian. It is not something natural to us but it comes from Him; it is not something which comes from human nature, but from the divine” (ibid., pp.167,168,171,172).

The Daily Bible Study, Psalms – Volume I, (The Saint Andrews Press, Edinburgh, 1985).

“For the psalmist a human being is not a soul living temporarily in a body, as `the Greeks’ maintained, or as the eastern religions do today….Thus we must not read into the Psalms such Greek, secular ideas as that of `saving souls’ or `the immortality of the soul.”

Paul: Apostle of the Free Spirit, by F.F.Bruce, p.311,

“Paul evidently could not contemplate immortality apart from resurrection; for him a body of some kind was essential to resurrection. Our traditional thinking about the `never-dying soul,’ which owes so much to our Graeco-Roman heritage, makes it difficult to appreciate Paul’s point of view. (Except when immortality is ascribed to God Himself in the New Testament, it is always of the resurrected body that it is predicated, never of the soul. It is no doubt, an over-simplification to say that while for the Greeks that man was an embodied soul, for the Hebrews he was an animated body; yet there is sufficient substance in this statement for us to say that in this as in other ways Paul was a Hebrew born and bred. For some, including several of his Corinthian converts, disengagement from the shackle of the body was a consummation devoutly wished; but if Paul longed to be delivered from the mortality of this present earthly “dwelling,” it was with a view of exchanging it for one that was immortal; to be without a body of any kind would be a form of spiritual nakedness or isolation from which his mind shrank.”

A Handbook of Christian Theology, Gen. Ed’s., Marvin Halverson and Archer A Cohen (A Meridian Book, The World Publishing Comp, Times Mirror, New York, 1958, – 16th printing in 1972), Article, “Death,” pp.70-73 by H.V.Lovell Cocks.

“The Bible teaches that God created man by breathing His Spirit into the dust of the earth, and so bringing to existence the nephesh, or living personality. When God withdraws His Spirit man dies and returns to the dust. Nowhere in the Bible is the human soul regarded as naturally immortal. The only way a man can live again after death is by a resurrection–a miracle” p.71.

“By his sin, man cuts himself off from the source of life and dooms himself to perish. Apart from the grace of the forgiving God, there is no hope for him. For he can be saved only by being raised from the dead. Not a natural immortality of the soul, but resurrection from the dead by the power of God, is the message of the Bible” p.72.

An Introduction to the Theology of the New Testament (Study Edition), Alan Richardson,

“But more important is the consideration that to St Paul, as to any other Jew at the time, a merely `spiritual’ resurrection would have appeared unintelligible. Unlike the Greeks, the Jews did not think of a man being made up of a body and a soul; a man was a living body. If Christ was raised from the dead, He must have been raised in the body. Thus, Paul cannot conceive of those who are risen in Christ as existing in a disembodied state: they have a `spiritual body’ (1 Cor 15:44). Spiritual realities, celestial or terrestrial, divine or human, are embodied in their own appropriate embodiments (1 Cor 15:35-41). When the earthly house of our tabernacle is dissolved, we shall be clothed upon with our habitation from heaven, so that we shall not be found naked (2 Cor 5:1-3), i.e. with the kind of nakedness which disembodied spirits endure. The notion of a disembodied person is repugnant to the Hebrew mind; a `pneuma’ is something unnatural, monstrous, and evil, and the idea that the Risen Christ is such a `pneuma’ is rejected with horror (Luke 24:37)” (p.196).

The bodily resurrection of Christ is important theologically because it attests the cosmic significance of God’s act in raising Christ from the dead. The `whole creation’ (Rom 8:22; cf. Mark 16:15) awaits the redemption, which includes the redemption of the body (cf. Rom 8:23); the resurrection of Christ in the body guarantees the resurrection of Christians with their `spiritual bodies’–this is the argument of 1 Cor. 15 as a whole. Thus, the resurrection of Christ is not a case of spiritualistic survival, such as might be the subject of psychical research; it is not the survival of a man, such as might be asserted at a spiritualistic seance; it is the resurrection of humanity, the new Adam. It is the beginning of the new creation of the latter days: Christ is the `firstfruits of them that sleep’ (1 Cor 15:20-23) (p.197).

The Enigma of Evil, by John Wenham (Eagle: Guildford, Surrey, 1994), pp. 90,91,92.

“We would admit that revelation does not give us much light on our state between death and resurrection, but the fact that we cannot define this clearly is no reason at all for denying what is clear. It is clear that physical death is precisely the cessation of life. Is it not also clear that Old and New Testaments teach repeatedly the destruction of the wicked? And is not the New Testament clear that only God has immortality and that in the end evil will be no more? These exegetical facts cannot be annulled by a theological difficulty.

The current debate has highlighted certain common misconceptions. Belief in endless torment is sometimes said to have been the view of Jesus and the Jews of His day, of the New Testament writers and the fathers of the church, of the reformers and all Bible-believers, and never seriously questioned until the 20th century. I myself, wresting largely on the authority of Charles Hodge, at one time believed this to be true. But it is quite untrue. It was certainly an almost unchallenged view during the Middle Ages, but it was not so either in first-century Judaism or in the early fathers or at the Reformation and most certainly not in the nineteenth century, which was the hey-day of conditionalism among Evangelicals. This is all documented in Froom’s massive volumes, and Fudge devotes three chapters to the inter-testamental period and four to the period from post-apostolic times to the present day – something over quarter of his book – showing that it was not so…

“So it seems that holy scripture taken in its natural sense, teaches that immortality is only given to us when we are born again in Christ, and that the destiny of those who die in him is the endless bliss of a renewed creation where sin is no more. But for those who die without Christ there is a `fearful looking for of judgment’ and a final `second death’, but not unending torment.”

Reports Wikipedia: “In his book Facing Hell, An Autobiography 1913-1996, Wenham writes, “I believe that endless torment is a hideous and unscriptural doctrine which has been a terrible burden on the mind of the church for many centuries and a terrible blot on her presentation of the Gospel. I should indeed be happy, if before I die, I could help in sweeping it away””

The Fire That Consumes, The Biblical case for Conditional Immortality, by Edward William Fudge, (The Paternoster Press, Carlisle, UK,1994). The whole book. See Edward Fudge Ministries 

Free online material in the next post.

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Hell, Heaven And The Second Advent Of Jesus

On pages 319-322 of TGD Richard Dawkins tells stories of people who either have been raised on the fear of hell, or preach hell in the secure knowledge they are not going there. It reminds me of a minister who having finished the graveside service he became rather fearful for the spouse who had got too near the edge of the grave for her safety. But she wasn’t thinking of jumping into the grave. As she leaned over he heard her say her goodbye, and that she would not be going where he was going! She obviously had two afterlife destinations in mind; I guess heaven and hell.

Going back to my previous post there are two problems I have with the ‘hell’ teaching. The first is the idea that a person has an immortal soul that goes on to live elsewhere after the death of the body, to heaven or to hell, or purgatory; Genesis 2:7 dismisses that idea for me. Genesis 2:7 informs the reader that it is the combination of the physical body with the breath of life, that God provides, that becomes a ‘living soul’ or ‘living being’. Separate those two elements and life ceases to be (Ecclesiastes 12:7).  (‘Spirit’ equals breath and not a ‘soul’)

God said to our first parents that should they eat from the tree of knowledge of good and evil they would surely die (Genesis 2:17). There was nothing wrong with the tree itself. It was purely a test of their free will to be loyal to their Creator. The tree was there to remind them that while they were children of God, they were also tenants in this world, not the owner and provider (Psalm 24:1). Their residence was to be forever, depending on their obedience. Their disobedience, or sin, resulted in death, for them and the rest of the human race (Romans 6:23; cf. 5.12-21). It would take Someone else’s obedience to give us the eternal life and immortality originally intended for us (Philippians 2:5-8; John 3:16;1 John 5:12). 

This is where the best of Christian belief comes in, it is our complete trust in Jesus Christ as Saviour and Lord that gives us eternal life now (John 3: 5-86:4017:3), and immortality to come at the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15: 51-57). The basis of the Christian faith is the resurrection of Jesus. Because He is raised from the dead, we may be raised too at the Second Advent of Jesus (1 Corinthians 15:16-23). 

When the Bible says death is the consequence of sin (whether disobedience to God or open rebellion against him), it does not mean we go to live somewhere else. At funerals it is sometimes remarked that the loved one is looking down on us, I have never heard it said that the departed are now ‘looking up at us’, suggesting he or she is deserving of the hot place! We try to remember the positive aspects of someone’s life at a funeral service and leave all judgment to Jesus Christ. Going by human judgment ‘hell’ has a lot of vacancies despite what Jesus said about the wide and narrow gates (Matthew 7:13-14). 

But no, the word death is the opposite of life. Death is death, although death in the Bible is also referred to as ‘sleep’ (1 Thessalonians 4:13-18). There will be a time of judgment to come; that follows the Second Advent of Jesus and the resurrection (Daniel 12:2, 13; John 5: 28-29; Hebrews 9:27-28). And those scriptures deal with my second problem with the idea of an immortal soul and hell. In that scenario judgment immediately follows death, and precedes the Second Coming of Jesus and the resurrection, contrary to what we read in the previous scriptures and here in Revelation 22: 12-17

My third problem with the immortal soul teaching and a continuing eternal burning hell for those rejected by Jesus (Matthew 7:21-23) is that I share Richard Dawkins concern on the subject of hell. How can God who is supposed to be a God of love, contemplate burning up ‘souls’ for eternity because they chose to be disobedient, whether by just being indifferent to Him or because they chose to be downright inhumane like the Hitler’s of this world?

We would still hope there would be justice meted out as well as mercy at the end of things, but we find it difficult to live with the idea of eternal, endless torment. How can one imagine a God of love keeping one’s unbelieving friends and relatives alive to suffer eternally in the fires of hell?

It is that concept that the late Dr John Stott found intolerable. He could not understand how people could live with it “without either cauterising their feelings or cracking under the strain.” It is worth remembering that God’s concern is for everyone to choose to be saved in His eternal kingdom. (John 3:16; 2 Peter 3:9), including you and me. The Apostle Peter addresses the subject of the Second Advent because of those who scoff at the idea because of the passing of time. For the Apostle Peter “With the Lord a day is like a thousand years and a thousand years are like a day” (2 Peter 3: 8). God is not limited by time, and there is no time in the grave. The next moment of consciousness will be at the resurrection when Jesus will keep his promise he made to his followers 2,000 years ago (John 14:1-3). Just as sure as His First Advent took place in God’s own time scale (Galatians 4:4), so will the Second Advent. Because of the promise of the First Advent was fulfilled, we can be sure His promise of the Second Advent will happen too. This is what the followers of Jesus are told to look forward to. That is why they call themselves, ‘Adventists’.

More in the next post.

Posted in Apologetics, Gospel, Jesus, Nature of Man, Salvation, Second Advent, The New Birth, The Resurrection, Views On Hell | Comments Off on Hell, Heaven And The Second Advent Of Jesus

I Don’t Believe In Hell

At least, not in the sense of the following I took from a Christian posting on the Internet a few days ago:

“Hell is a “bottomless pit” (Rev. 20:1-2, KJV). “The new occupant is slow to learn. In growing panic, he kicks his feet and waves his arms. He stretches and he lunges. But he finds nothing. After more feverish tries, he pauses from exhaustion, suspended in black. Suddenly, with a scream he kicks, twists, and lunges until he is again too dizzy to move, too nauseous to think, and too exhausted to even continue.

“He tumbles onward, alone with his pain. Unable to touch a solid object or see a solitary thing, he begins to weep. His sobs choke through the darkness. Those sobs become weak, then lost in hell’s roar.” The agonies of eternal hell are described to appeal to the lost to accept Christ to be saved in His eternal kingdom.

The 19th century preacher Charles Haddon Spurgeon gave similar appeals for the lost to repent and be saved. In his sermon, “The Resurrection of the Dead”, Spurgeon challenges those of his listeners that remain impenitent, “Now ye can scoff and jeer; there will be no scoffing or jeering then: you will be shrieking, howling, wailing for mercy; . . .

”O my hearers! the wrath to come! the wrath to come! the wrath to come. Who among you can dwell with devouring fire? Who among you can dwell with everlasting burnings? Can you, sir? can you? Can you abide the flame for ever? “Oh, no,” sayest thou, “what can I do to be saved?” Hear thou what Christ hath to say, “Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.” “He that believeth, and is baptized, shall be saved; he that believeth not shall be damned.” “Come, now let us reason together, saith the Lord: though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool.”

I am an admirer of Charles Spurgeon, have read many of his sermons but, as with the previous quote, I don’t share the views expressed on hell. If one goes back to the creation story and read in Genesis 2:7 of the creation of man it simply says that, “The Lord God formed man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostril the breath of life, and the man became a living being” (Or ‘Living Soul’). When we die the dust returns to the ground we came from and the spirit (breath) returns to God who gave it (Ecclesiastes 12:7). It was not a ‘soul’ that God breathed into Adam, it was the breath of life, and when that breath of life is withdrawn, we die to await the Second Advent of Jesus and the Resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:20-23; 51-557; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18).

The complaint of painting God, as ”The Eternal Torturer” is difficult to counter. Repent of your sins against me and accept me as your Saviour and Lord and your can count yourselves forgiven and included in my eternal kingdom. That is good biblical teaching on God’s grace towards us (Romans 5:6-11; 1 John 1:9). On the other hand, if you don’t repent “I’ll put you in an eternal burning hell from which there is no release!” If that were true I would find it difficult to respond to God as a God of love. I would be responding more in the fear of eternal burning hell. World leading Anglican theologian, the late Dr. John Stott, found that difficult to swallow. In his book, ‘Essentials,’ (now out of print), in dialogue with the Anglican liberal theologian, David Edwards, John Stott says to David Edwards on page 314, “You rightly say that I have never declared publicly whether I think hell, in addition to being real, terrible and eternal, will involve the experience of everlasting suffering. I am sorry that you use in reference to God the emotive expression, ‘the Eternal Torturer’, because it implies a sadistic infliction of pain, and all Christian people would emphatically reject that. But will the final destiny of the impenitent be eternal conscious torment, ‘for ever and ever’, or will it be total annihilation of their being? The former has to be described as traditional orthodoxy, . . . Do I hold it, however? Well, emotionally, I find the concept intolerable and do not understand how people can live with it without either cauterising their feelings or cracking under the strain.”

For Stott, the language the Bible uses about eternal death and destruction suggests just that. It would seem strange for the Bible to talk about human’s suffering destruction, but are then not really destroyed. “It cannot, I think, be replied that it is impossible to destroy human beings because they are immortal, for the immortality – and therefore indestructibility – of the soul is a Greek and not a biblical concept” (page 316). According to Scripture only God possesses immortality in himself (1 Timothy 1:17; 6:16); he reveals and gives it to us through the gospel (2 Timothy 1:10).” But if we keep in mind the composition of man in Genesis 2:7 and that Jesus and Paul refer to death as ‘sleep’ (Daniel 12:1-4; John 11:11-15; 1 Corinthians 15:51-57; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18), then we will find the idea of a ‘soul’ living on after the body made redundant.

Stott adds that, ‘annihilation’ is not the same as ‘conditional immortality’. With ‘Annihilation’ everyone survives death but the impenitent will then be destroyed (I presume after they have faced the judgment John 5:28-29)? With ‘Conditional Immortality’ no one survives death except those to whom God gives life – they become immortal by grace and not by nature. In my reading I am not sure that everyone follows that distinction.

A second argument Stott raises against an eternal burning hell is that “the main function of fire is not to cause pain, but to secure destruction, as all the world’s incinerators bear witness. Stott’s view of the fire is that it would consume forever and not torment forever. The fire will have done its work. Perhaps Malachi 4:1-4 is what is in mind.

On pages 317-19 Stott deals with four objections to the view he takes which includes his rejection of ‘universalism’ that ultimately all will be saved. Also that divine justice would be incompatible with eternal torment for all the impenitent, with no difference in punishment between the simple unbeliever and the most villainous of humanity’s offenders. Stott concludes, “that the eternal existence of the impenitent in hell would be hard to reconcile with the promises of God’s final victory over evil.”

A second concern about a soul going to either heaven or hell immediately at the death of the body means that judgment comes immediately at death. One’s ‘soul’ goes either to heaven or ‘hell’ at death. So loved ones speak of the deceased looking down on us. Rarely, if ever, is it said that the departed have gone to the other abode. On that count heaven is getting full and Hell is not having many takers!

But the Bible makes it clear that the Second Advent of Jesus and the resurrection precede the judgment. Daniel was told that the reward of spiritual fidelity or infidelity comes at the resurrection (Daniel 12:1-4). Jesus said the same (John 5:28-29). Hebrews 9:27-28 also makes it clear when it says, “Just as man is destined to die once and after that to face the judgment (not before!), so Christ was sacrificed to take away the sins of many people; and he will appear a second time, not to bear sin, but to bring salvation to those who are waiting for him.”

An eternal burning hell may be considered orthodox teaching, but it is not what I read in the Scripture. I do read there is to be a final judgment when all will see why they have lost out on the promise of eternity without any more scars to God’s new creation (Revelation 21:1-5), and it will be seen why those who are included in God’s kingdom deserve to be there. It is because they have accepted the gift of God’s grace ( Romans 5:6-11; 6:23). God hasn’t closed the offer down yet (John 3:16)!

More on this in the next post.

Posted in Apologetics, Faith & Obedience, Justification & Sanctification, Nature of Man, Punishment, Salvation, Saved by Faith, Saved By Grace, Second Advent, The Gospel, The Resurrection, Views On Hell | Comments Off on I Don’t Believe In Hell

Noah’s Flood & Ancient Mythologies

Says J. Warner Wallace,

“There are many reasons to trust the Old Testament. It is verified repeatedly by archaeology, filled with fulfilled prophecy and data consistent with modern observations, and was transmitted with the utmost care and precision. Compared to the elaborate and extravagant mythologies of the Akkadian and Gilgamesh narratives, Moses’ Old Testament account of the history of the Israelites is tame and historically reasonable. While the other accounts faded from human history centuries ago, the reliable account of the Old Testament continues to provide the foundation for Western civilization. Moses’ version of the Noahic Flood was not borrowed from a prior mythology; it is an accurate account of an ancient event later retold by people groups across the globe.” Read the full article here:

Other Links:

Three Sisters: Evidence of Noah’s Flood

The Genesis Flood – Unmasking Evolution

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The Coronation

I am at the age where I can ask myself, ‘where was I sixty years ago today’? Hold on to that for a moment. Let’s just go forward perhaps several decades.

Setting # 1. Have you ever been surprised by seeing some high profile person, someone extraordinary, but looking very ordinary in an ordinary setting? Just before Christmas 2009 an ordinary looking 83-year old lady in coat and headscarf was photographed, boarding a commuter train at Kings CrossThat elderly lady was the Queen. She was heading for Sandringham, her Norfolk residence, just accompanied by her plainclothes protection officer. True, she went first class, but it must have been a surprise to fellow passengers on the same train.

The Mail online said, “An advance first class ticket, without the seniors’ discount, costs £44.40.” Apparently it was not a one off – but it must have been surprising for fellow passengers to see the Monarch of Great Britain boarding their train like a regular passenger – even if she did pay first class! The Mail did remind its readers that the Queen does, of course, have use of the Royal Train – but that would cost the taxpayers £57,142 each time it is taken out of its sidings. So the Queen was saving the taxpayer money.

Setting # 2. Now to another setting: and back to the question, where was I sixty years today? Tuesday 2nd of June 1953 was the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. “An estimated three million people lined the streets of London to catch a glimpse of the new monarch as she made her way to and from Buckingham Palace in the golden state coach.” I was proud to be one of those three million.

“The ceremony was watched by millions more around the world as the BBC set up their biggest ever outside broadcast to provide live coverage of the event on radio and television. Street parties were held throughout the United Kingdom as people crowded round television sets to watch the ceremony. Over 20 million people watched the BBC coverage of the coronation. . . . The broadcast was made in 44 languages.”

Princess Elizabeth ascended the throne as monarch of the United Kingdom along with other commonwealth territories on 6th February 1952, upon the death of her father, King George VI. We celebrated the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee last year, 2012.  The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II was held the following year on Tuesday, the 2nd of June 1953. sixty years today! 

I can’t remember how or why I came to choose a position on The Mall – quite near the Victoria Monument and Buckingham Palace the day before, but that was where I arrived at. Each time a car emerged from the palace with a member of the Royal Family being taken to Westminster Abbey for their rehearsals, it created an atmosphere of great excitement.

I have forgotten the rain, but next day the procession to Westminster Abbey saw the route double lined either side shoulder to shoulder with uniformed servicemen and police. It was such a lavish ceremony steeped in a thousand years of tradition? I was a young lad in my mid-teens. I had left home in Wales in late 1952 to live on the periphery of what we in the province called back then, ‘The Big Smoke.’ It was a never to be forgotten experience, to be among those colourful millions representing various cultures and traditions, ‘the wonder of it all.’

And maybe that is where the surprise came for those fellow commuters at King’s Cross. That 27-year old Queen of the United Kingdom and Commonwealth, who was centre of the world’s stage at her coronation – surrounded by dignitaries and representatives of countries from around the world – was now being seen as a fellow commuter boarding their train at Kings Cross.

Setting # 3. Seeing Queen Elizabeth in those contrasting settings, the informal as well as in splendour and majesty, and very royal, leads me to think of another very surprising scene. It reminds me of Someone more special than Queen Elizabeth II.

Thirty years down His road of life he was unrecognised. We read of Him down by the River Jordan. I have been to Israel, three times, and down to the Jordan too, but no, I didn’t see anyone extraordinary looking ordinary in an ordinary setting, – but someone did.

The historical event has been recorded in the Gospels. Perhaps we have come to take the story for granted, but really, it is an amazing story, isn’t it? It is a story that affects the whole human race. A person called John the Baptist was somewhere down by the Jordan declaring himself to be “the voice of one calling in the desert, ‘Make straight the way for the Lord‘” (John 1:23). He was quoting a prediction from Isaiah 40:3.

John was calling for the people of his nation to repent of their sins and be baptised and to prepare for the coming Messiah. Among the people coming down to him to be baptised was an ordinary looking man about 30 years of age. No one recognised who he was. John the Baptist had to point him out to the crowds: Said John, He is the ‘Lamb who takes away the sin of the world‘ (John 1:29). In John 1:34 we read him saying, “I have seen and I testify that this is the Son of God.” But despite that, John the Apostle records that sad statement in John 1:11,  “He came to that which was his own, but his own did not receive him.”

He had no entourage to accompany him. He was without material means and property-less with “no place to lay his head” (Luke 9:58). How could John put it across to the people of his day, that the Creator of the Universe had actually shared the common lot of life here with fallen human beings – even roughing it with peasant fishermen in their boats?

I wonder if John the Apostle had thought that too many, including himself, had not appreciated the majesty and greatness of the Person who had made such a humble entry into our world? It says in John 1:10, “He was in the world, and though the world was made through him, the world did not recognise him.” How could John reveal to the people of his time, and to us down in our time, what he had seen of the greatness of Jesus? He found it in one word (1 John 1:1-4). It is repeated three times in the introduction to his Gospel, in John 1:1. “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God and the Word was God.”

The Greek for ‘Word’, is Logos. Logos, was known to both Jew and Greek. For the Jews, the Old Testament was a record of God’s promises and acts in history. In Psalm 33:6 we are told, “By the word of the Lord were the heavens made, their starry host by the breath of his mouth.” In Psalm 33:9 it says that God “spoke and it came to be; he commanded and it stood firm.” Sceptics in our modern day may look for natural explanations for how life came to be, but the Bible says it was God the Word, or Logos, who spoke the world with all its life into being. Unlike the belief of the materialist of our day, it is mind and intelligence that produced matter and not matter that produced mind and intelligence.

For the Greek, Logos was the impersonal reason behind the universe. For John the Person behind the universe is the Person of Jesus – who became the Word of God on earth (John 1:1-3, 10, 14). In Matt 8:5-13 we read that the Roman centurion recognised that power and authority when he said to Jesus, “Just say the word, and my servant will be healed.”

So we can see why John chose the idea of Logos to describe Jesus; it was a word that was full of meaning to the world of his day, to both Jew and Greek. Jesus was the Logos, the creative power of God who came into this world. He was the life of the World, so he could say to his disciples in John 14: 6, “I am the way, the truth and the life,” and again in John 6:63, “The words that I speak unto you, they are spirit and they are life” and that life is eternal (John 3:16). And in John 17:3 John says that eternal life is coming to know “the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom he sent

The miracles that John records in His Gospel are chosen to illustrate the power of His word. When Jesus spoke, it happened! Especially when speaking those words to a man who had been dead and entombed four days (John 11:39),“Lazarus, come out” (John 11:43). That was his crowning miracle that should have been evidence of who He was.

In His great condescension Jesus came to be one with us, joining us in a very informal way, without the splendour or the grandeur that would be rightfully His (John 17:5). He came to show us what God is like, How He values us, how He behaves towards us – anyone who had seen Jesus had seen the Father (John 14:9). 

We find towards the end of the Gospel of John the story of Thomas (John 20:24-31). Just as Thomas made his discovery and confession, we too have to make our own discovery of Jesus and make our own personal confession, “my Lord and my God” (John 20:28). His first coming was not to be the last (John 14:1-3), he is to return – there is another setting to come – a much grander and awesome setting at which we will all be present – from ages past to the time of his Second Advent, which takes to our final setting.

Final Setting – # 4. The Coronation of Jesus! Every time the Christian church celebrates the Lord’s Supper (1 Cor 11:26), it recalls the First Advent. Just as Jesus came the first time He has promised to come the second time – Matthew 28: 18-20; John 14:13. Every eye is going to see him, even those who pierced him Revelation 1:7, 8. Not a welcome site for those who have rejected Him. But as John said back in his Gospel, in John 1:12, “yet to all who received him, to those who believed in his name, he gave right to become children of God.” If we die eternally, it will not because God has chosen we should die, but that we have chosen to die because of our rejection of Jesus as Lord and Saviour!

Jesus came in human form to take the consequences for human sin and rebellion against our Creator God, and died the eternal death in our place. The Apostle Paul describes it in Philippians 2:5-8. He says there to his readers back then, – and it still speaks to us today:

In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus: who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage; rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness. And being found in appearance as a man, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to death – even death on a cross!

The innocent died in place of the guilty. Put simply, that was the purpose of the First Advent – Jesus came to give life to all who believe in God the Father and in his Son Jesus Christ (John 17:3). Jesus told us there is to be – a final setting “A new heaven and a new earth” where “there will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain” (Revelation 21:1-5).

But before then there is to be the Coronation of Jesus as King. He handed the reigns of his rulership over to God the Father when He came to this world to live as one of us and to submit Himself in obedience to the Father, even to death on a cross. As in Adam all die because of his disobedience, so in Christ will all be made alive, because of our acceptance of His obedience and righteousness (1 Corinthians 15: 22). Victor over sin and death (1 Cor 15:51-57), He resumes Lordship and Rulership. So after telling us about His humility in becoming one of us, and of his humiliation in suffering the consequences of our sin, the Apostle Paul says in verses 9-11:

Therefore God exalted him to the highest place and gave him the name that is above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.”

Comparing Queen Elizabeth in an informal setting against those settings of her being the centre of state pageantry and national grandeur and international focus being seen by millions around the world – it really bears no comparison with that of Jesus, – of His earthly mission and humiliation, and of the adoration bestowed on Him when He takes the throne again. It is a very poor analogy indeed, of the unrecognised Jesus down at the Jordan River and then being seen worshipped finally by the inhabitants of heaven and earth, as John says of Him in Revelation 19:16, He is “King of kings and Lord of lords.”

It was God the Word, who became flesh, “and made his dwelling among us.” We are all going to see Jesus in all his grandeur, deserving of all adoration and the worship he deserves. “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.”

That is the final setting: those who have accepted Jesus as Lord and Saviour will enjoy eternity with Him. “They will be His people, and God himself will be with them, and be their God . . . There will be no more death, or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has passed away. He who was seated on the throne said, ‘I am making everything new.” (Revelation 21:4, 5).

We are told in John 3:16, “For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.” The offer is still open to all who will, and after all He has done for and has planned for us, who would want to turn His offer down?

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Posted in Christ's Sacrifice, Gospel, Incarnation, Jesus, Salvation, Second Advent, The Resurrection | Comments Off on The Coronation

Scientists and Christian Belief Links

Science is often separated from Christian belief as if they were contrary to each other. We know different of course – This is a start to a list of what I hope will be interesting reads:John Herschel was laid to rest alongside Sir Isaac Newton

Astronomer and educational reformer “John Herschel was bullied at school so his parents had him tutored at home. . . . The young man shot past his rivals in mathematics and science. At Cambridge, he placed first in mathematics exams. At twenty-one, he became the youngest person admitted to the Royal Society.

Posted in Apologetics, Bible, Faith & Science | Comments Off on Scientists and Christian Belief Links